en-Oral

轮机英语会话评估口述参考答案

第一章 公共英语 6

1. The engine room.

The engine room is the heart of a ship. It is generally located at the stern near the ship bottom. In the engine room, there are a lot of machinery and systems, such as the main engine, generators , boilers, pumps, and the air conditioning system. The main engine, also called the main propulsion plant，is the largest and most important one . The modern control systems make the machinery space unattended for a long time . That is UMS.

• ˈbɑːtəm、rɪˈfrɪdʒəreɪtɪŋ、prəˈpʌlʃn、ˈmɑːdərn

1 机舱

机舱是船的心脏。它通常位于船底尾部。在机舱，有很多机械和系统，例如主机，发电机，锅炉，泵，制冷系统和空调系统。主机也叫做主推进装置，是最大和最重要的一个。控制系统的最新的进步导致机舱长时间没有人。那就是无人机舱。

2. The engine department.

​ The engine department is very important on board a ship.There are five engineers and four motormen in the engine department on board my ship. We usually do some maintenance and repair work to keep the ship in good order. We also do some work to keep the engine room tidy and clean, such as sweeping the floor, remove the oil spilled, marking the pipes and valves with special color, and so on. In the engine department we get well along with each other. We are standing together regardless of situation.

• ˈjuːʒuəli、ˈtaɪdi、rɪˈɡɑːrdləs

2 轮机部

在我们的船上有五个轮机员和四个机工。我们通常在一些保养和修理工作去保持船正常。我们也做一些工作去保持机舱整洁和干净，例如打扫地面，去除溢油，用特别的颜色标记管路和阀。

3. Self-introduction

My name is Li ming. I was born in 1999 in QingDao . I graduated from Dalian maritime university in 2021with a bachelor’s degree in marine engineering. I have been working on board as a engineer for about 3 years. There are three people in my family: my father my mother and I. I love my family and my work. That’s all, Thanks.

• ˈnaɪnti、ˈmeɪdʒər

3自我介绍

我的名字是严厉。我在1980年出生在大连。我未婚但有一个漂亮的女朋友。我在2008年在华洋水运学校轮机专业学习。我作为一个机工在船上工作了五年。我家有三口人：我父亲，母亲和我。我喜欢打篮球和读书。我爱我的家庭和工作。谢谢

4. Your daily work on board

I have been working on board as a 2th engineer for two years. When I am on duty, I shall ensure that the main propulsion plant, auxiliary machinery and steering gear are in good order. The current operational parameters of all machinery should be observed, such as the exhaust gases temperature of main engine, the cylinder jacket outlet cooling water temperature and pressure etc. During watch, the bridge orders must be carried out right now. Any abnormal parameters in relation to the equipment should be paid attention.

• ʃæl、pəˈræmɪtərz、əbˈzɜːrvd

4 你在船上的日常工作

作为一个值班的轮机员，我的日常工作如下：我将确保主推进装置，辅机和舵机正常。所有机器当前的运行参数应当被观察，例如主机的排气温度，缸套出口的冷却水和压力等等。在值班期间，必须立刻执行驾驶台的命令。应当注意关于设备的任何异常的参数。

5. Watch-keeping in the engine room

​ When a ship is at sea, each engineer should keep a duty-watch for 4 hours. During his duty watch, the engineer makes some tour inspection of the engine room and put down all the figures into the engine room log book. He has to keep everything in good order. When his watch is finished, he should tell the relieving officer the present condition of the engine room before handing over the watch.

• tʊr、ˈfɪɡjərz、rɪˈliːvɪŋ

5在机舱值班

当船在海上的时候，每个轮机员应当值班四小时。在他值班期间，轮机员要做一些机舱的巡视并记录所有的数据到机舱日志中。他也必须确保一切正常。当他完成值班，他应当在交班之前告诉接班人员机舱目前的状况。

6. Could you introduce yourself?

​ My name is LiMing, I graduated from Dalian Maritime University in 2021 with a bachelor’s degree in marine engineering.

• ˈbætʃələr、dɪˈɡriː

6 你能介绍一下你自己么？

我是——————。我在1988年毕业于大连海事大学轮机专业

第二章 机舱日常事务 15

1. diesel and gasoline engines

1. Please describe the difference between the diesel engine and the gasoline engine. (See Fig.2-1 and Fig.2-2)

​ The main differences include : The diesel engine burns diesel oil or fuel oil , while the gasoline engine burns gas oil; The diesel engine is ignited by compression heat, but the gasoline engine is ignited by a spark plug; In the diesel engine , the air and oil are mixed inside the cylinder, while in the gasoline engine, the air and oil are mixed outside the cylinder.

• mɪkst

1 请描述一下柴油机和汽油机的区别

柴油机和汽油机的主要区别包括

1）柴油机的燃烧介质是柴油或者燃油2）柴油机依靠高温高压的油气混合物的压缩点燃，但是汽油机依靠电火花塞点燃。3）对于柴油机，空气和油在汽缸混合，然而汽油机，他们在汽缸外混合。

2. introduce engine room

2. Xiao Wang is a cadet of the engine department, who just graduated from Shanghai Maritime University. How do you introduce all the engine room to him?

​ First, I will tell the cadet the importance of the engine room. Second, I should introduce the various machinery and systems in the engine room, such as the main engine, generators, boilers, pumps, the refrigerating system, and the air conditioning system. Third, I will show him how to operate the various equipment and devices safely, and introduce as much safety knowledge as I can.

• kəˈdet、ˈveriəs、ʃoʊ、dɪˈvaɪsɪz

2 小王是轮机部的实习生，毕业于上海海事大学。你如何给他介绍一下机舱。

首先，我将告诉实习生机舱的重要性。第二，我将介绍一下机舱的各种机器和系统，例如主机，柴油发电机，锅炉，泵，制冷系统和空调系统。第三，我将展示给他如何安全运行各种设备和装置，并尽可能多的向他介绍一下安全知识。

3. introduce equipment and machinery

3. Xiao Zhang is a three-year student majoring in marine engineering from Shanghai Maritime University. How do you introduce the equipment and machinery in the engine room to him?

​ There are a lot of the equipment and machinery in the engine room.Such as the main engine , generators , pumps , boilers, oil separators and so on. This is main engine , it is a large bore , two stroke , slow-speed, crosshead type diesel engine.There are three generators, two oil separators and a preheater near the main engine. The auxiliary engines are four-stroke, high-speed, trunk piston type marine diesel engines. In our engine room there are many pumps, motors and valves. We should to keep the equipment and machinery in good order.

• pri:’hi:tə, trʌŋk

There are many machines and devices in the engine room. They are the main engine, generators, air compressors, oil separators, boilers, pumps, all kind of coolers, valves and so on. The main engine is the largest and most important machine. It is the ship’s power source. Our main engine is a slow-speed, two –stroke, crosshead type marine diesel engine. It consists of cylinder head, frame, bedplate and moving parts, etc. The type is MAN-B&W 6550MC with a capacity of 9550 Kw at 115 rpm. The prime mover of the generators is 6-cylinder, medium-speed, 4-stroke, trunk piston type marine diesel engine.

3 小王是上海海事大学轮机专业三年级的学生，你如何给他介绍机舱的设备和机器？

在机舱有很多的机器和设备。他们是主机，发电机，空压机，分油机，锅炉，泵，各种冷却器，阀等等。主机是最大，最重要的机器。它是船舶的动力来源。我们的主机是一台低速，二冲程，十字头类型的船用柴油机。它包括汽缸盖，机架，机座和运动部件。这个类型的是在115rpm时9550kw的输出量的MAN-B&W 6550MC。发电机的原动机是6缸，中速，四冲程，筒状活塞船用柴油机。

4. shafts

4.Look at the illustration and say something about the disposal of the shafting and diesel engine. (See Fig.2-3)

​ The illustration shows a direct transmission system. It means the propeller and shafts are driven by the main engine directly.

​ The main items in the system include： the thrust shaft, intermediate shaft, propeller shaft and propeller.

​ They are supported by the intermediate bearing and stern tube bearing.

• ʃoʊ, ˈdrɪvn、dəˈrektli

The power of the diesel engine is transmitted to the propeller through the transmission system. The items of transmission system include various shafts, such as the thrust shaft, one or more intermediate shafts and tail shaft. These shafts are supported by the thrust block, intermediate bearings and the stern-tube bearing. The propeller consists of a boss with several blades. The thrust is transmitted along the shafting to the thrust block and finally to ship’s structure.

4 看实图并说一下柴油机和轴系的配置

柴油机的动力是通过传递系统传递给螺旋桨。传递系统的项包括各种轴，例如推力轴，一个或多个中间轴承和尾轴承。这些轴被推力块，中间轴承和尾轴承支撑。螺旋桨包括带有几个叶片的浆榖。推力沿轴传递给推理块并最终传递给船体。

5. gearbox

5. Look at the illustration and say something about the probability of disposal of medium-speed and high-speed diesel engine. (See Fig.2-4)

​ When medium-speed or high-speed diesel engines are the main engines,they need a reduction gearbox. In this illustration,there are four diesel engines.They use a common gearbox to drive the propeller.When the ship is sailing at full speed, it needs four engines running. When the ship is sailing at half speed,it needs two engines running.

• ˌɪləˈstreɪʃ(ə)n , draɪv

When the ship is sailing at full speed, it needs four engines running. When the ship is sailing at half speed, it needs two engines running. When the ship is operating at about 30%of full speed, one engine is enough to meet its power requirement. That is, the ship can be operated with single engine, double engines or four engines according to the load condition. Generally, when the ship is sailing at sea speed, it has four engines running while it approaches the wharf, it has two engines running.

5 看实图，说说中速机和高速机布置的可能性。

当船在全速航行时，它需要四台机运行。当船在半速航行的时候，它需要两台发动机运行，当船以全速的30%运行的时候，一台发动机足够满足动力要求。也就是，船能根据负荷条件来运行一台发动机，两台发动机或四台发动机。通常，当船在全速航行的时候，它有四台发动机运行，当它接近港口的时候，它有两台发动机运行。

6. engine’s structure

6. Look at the illustration and say something about structure of the main engine. (See Fig.2-5)

​ The illustration shows a four-stroke, trunk piston type diesel engine. It consists of the fixing parts and the moving parts.The fixing parts include crankcase,frame, cylinder, main bearing and so on. The moving parts include crankshaft,camshaft , connecting rod, piston, and so on.

• kənˈsɪsts、ˈkæmʃæft

The structure of the main engine is as follows: the construction mainly includes bedplate, frame, cylinders, pistons, connecting rod, main bearing and crankshaft. The crankshaft rests in main bearings built into cross girders of the bedplate. On the top of A frames there is a scavenging air box. The bedplate, frames and cylinder blocks are secured together by long tie-rods. A piston consists of a lower part called piston skirt and an upper part called piston crown.

6 看实图，介绍一下主机的结构

主机的结构如下：结构包括机座，机架，汽缸，活塞，连杆，主轴承和曲轴。曲轴安放在嵌入在机座横梁的主轴承上。在A字形机架的顶部有一个扫气箱。机座，机架和汽缸套被一个长连杆固定。一个活塞包括下部的活塞裙和上部的活塞头。

7. stress status

7. Look at the illustration and say something about stress status of the moving parts. (See Fig.2-6)

​ The moving parts shown in the illustration mainly include the piston, the connecting rod, and the crankshaft. They are all critical parts of the engine.

​ According to the specific condition in the illustration ,the piston and connecting rod are under the compressive stress, while the crankshaft is under the torsional stress.

• ˈtɔːrʃnəl、kəmˈpresɪv 、ˈkrɪtɪk(ə)l 、 stres

7 看实图，说说运动部件的压力状况

实图显示的运动部件包括活塞，连杆和曲轴。有发动机的所有关键部件。根据如图显示的特定条件下，活塞正承受压缩力，连杆承受拉力和压缩力，然而曲轴正承受扭力。

8. piston head shape

8. Look at the illustration and say the type of piston head shape in diesel engine. (See Fig.2-7)

​ There are usually two types of piston head shapes.They are flat piston head type and dished piston type.

​ The piston head in the illustration is of dished type and have four piston ring grooves. Most marine diesel engines use the dished piston heads, because It has the advantages of increasing the air turbulence and improving the oil and air mixing quality.

• flæt \ ɡruːvz、ˈtɜːrbjələns

The piston head in the illustration is of dished type. It can form an appropriate shaped combustion chamber between the piston head and the cylinder cover. To give the desired combustion, the shape of the bowl formed in the crown depends on many factors, including the choice of atomizer spray.

Pistons can be divided into two main classes: the crosshead type pistons and the trunk type pistons. The top surface of the crosshead piston can be flat, sunken or convex. The piston shown in the illustration is the crosshead type piston with a sunken surface. It has the advantage of increasing the air turbulence and improving the oil and air mixing quality. Its disadvantage is that the cylinder volumetric clearance will be larger.

8 看实图，说说柴油机的活塞头的形状

活塞能分成两种：十字头型活塞和筒状活塞。十字头活塞的顶部表面可能是平的，凹的或凸的。如图所示的活塞是凹面的十字头活塞。它有提高空气紊流和提高油和空气混合质量的优点。它的缺点是汽缸容积间隙将会变大。

9. piston ring

9. Look at the illustration and say the types of piston ring. (See Fig.2-8)

​ The illustration shows five types of piston rings. The first figure shows a rectangle ring, the second figure shows a ladder-shaped ring, the third figure shows a beveling ring, the fourth figure shows a twist ring and the fifth figure shows a normal worn ring.

• ˈfɪɡjər / ˈrektæŋɡ(ə)l / ˈlædər / ˈbevəlɪŋ / wɔːrn

​ The piston rings in the illustration have the shape of rectangle or trapezoid. Some of them are rounded on the external top or bottom edges. Among these piston rings, No.1 and No.2 are sealing rings; No. 3 and No. 4 are scraper rings, while the No.5 is a distributor ring. Generally, each piston is provided with five or six piston rings.

9 看实图，说说活塞环的类型。

如图所示的活塞环有矩形或梯形的。它们中有一些在外援顶部或底部边缘成倒角。在这些活塞环中，1，2 是密封环，3，4是刮油环，5是布油环。通常，每一个活塞带有五个或六个活塞环

10. lubricating mode

10. Please describe the lubricating mode of main engine.

​ Large marine diesel engines of the crosshead type generally have two systems of lubrication: a total loss system feeding the cylinders , and a circulating system lubricating the running gear and cooling the pistons. If the main engine is a trunk piston type engine, the lubrication for the cylinder liner may use the splash lubrication.

• ˈfiːdɪŋ / splæʃ

10 请描述主机的润滑模式

大型船用十字头类型的船用柴油机通常有两种润滑系统：一种是润滑汽缸的全消耗系统和润滑运动部件和冷却活塞的循环系统。如果主机是筒形活塞式柴油机,气缸套的润滑可能使用飞溅润滑的方式

11. purifier’s principle

11. Talk about the working principle of purifier according to the picture given. (See Fig.2-9)

​ It works on the principle of the centrifugal separation. The gravity of water is larger than that of the oil. When the dirty oil is pumped into an operating purifier, the centrifugal force causes water to flow outward to the periphery and up to the water outlet. Meanwhile, the oil is forced inward and up to the clean oil outlet. This achieves the separation of the two liquids.

• ˈpjʊrɪfaɪər/ˈdʒe-nə-reɪ-tɪd / ˈkɔːzɪz / dɪsks / pəˈrɪ-fəri / ˈmiːn-waɪl

It is used to remove water and impurities from fuel oil and lube oil. The purifier is very important machine. It contains of an electric motor. The electic motor can drive a vertical shaft. The bowl assembly is mounted on the top of the vertical shaft.

The high-speed rotation of the purifier can produce huge centrifugal force. With the action of centrifugal force, the clean oil flow inwards and the water and impurities flow outwards and the water. So the whole process could be continuous.

11 根据实图，说一下分水机的工作原理。

它用于从燃油和滑油中去除水和杂质。分水机是非常重要的机器。它包括电动机，电动机驱动一个立式轴。分离桶组件安装在立式轴顶部。

分水机的高速旋转能产生巨大的离心力。通过离心力，净化的油向里流，水和杂质向外流。所以整个过程能够连续起来。

12. separator’s principle

12. Talk about the working principle of oily water separator according to the picture given. (See Fig.2-10)

​ It works on the principle of gravity separation. The oily water separator can coalesce small oil drops to form larger oil drops. When the oil drops become large enough, the lower-density oil drops float up and collect at the top of the oily water separator. The water remains at the lower portion and is pumped overboard. The oil is pumped into the sludge tank through a solenoid valve.

• ˌkoʊəˈles 、ˈdensəti 、sɑːlənɔɪd、θruː

Oily water separators are used to separate oil from bilge water before the latter is pumped overboard.The oily water separator works on the principle of coalescing small oil droplets in the water to form larger oil drops. When the oil drops become large enough, the lower density oil drops floats up and collects at the top of the vessel. The oil layer is pumped into an oily bilge tank which can be pumped out at an oil collecting facility when the ship arrives at a port.

12 通过试图，谈一下油水分离器的工作原理

油水分离器用于在舱底水排放到船外之前，从其里面分离油。油水分离器根据收集在水中小的油滴去构成较大的油滴的原理工作。当油滴变得足够大的时候，低密度的油滴浮上来并在容器的顶部被收集。油层被泵入含油的舱底水舱，当船到达港口时，通过集油设备被泵出。

13 anti-pollution equipment

13. Talk about the anti-pollution equipment on board ship.

​ The anti-pollution equipment on board mainly includes the oily water separator, incinerator, and sewage treatment plant. The oily water separator is used to prevent the ship from discharging oil when pumping out bilge water or oily water. The incinerator is used to burn the oil sludge and solid waste. The sewage treatment plant is used to treat sewage produced on board a ship.

• ˈænti、ˈsuːɪdʒ、ˈsɑːlɪd、prəˈduːst

Oily water separator is used to ensure that ship do not discharge oil when pumping out bilge water or oily water. The incinerator is used to treat the oil sludge and solid waste. Sewage treatment plants are used to treat the sewage water the whole ship produced. All these equipment perform their duties to prevent pollutions from ship to the sea. And we must take great care about them to meet the lowest legislative requirements.

13 谈一下船上的防污设备

在船上有很多防污设备。它们是油水分离器，焚化炉和污水处理装置。油水分离器用于确保船在泵出舱底水或油污水时不排放出油。焚化炉用于处理油渣和固体废弃物。一些处理装置用于处理整艘船的污水。所有的这些设备执行他们的职责防止来自于船的污染进入大海。我们必须注意满足最低的法律要求。

14 ballast system’s operation

14.Talk about the operation of ballast system.

​ The ballast system consists of ballast water pumps, ballast water tanks, pipelines, and valves. Usually, we operate the ballast system according to the chief officer’s orders. First, we should check the pipelines and open the relevant valves. And then, we check the ballast water pump. If it is normal, start the pump and regulate the outlet pressure if necessary. Finally, we stop the pump and close the relevant valves according to the chief officer’s orders.

• kənˈsɪsts、ˈreləvənt、ˈnesəseri

压载水系统由压载水泵、压载水舱、管路和阀门组成。通常，我们按 照大副的指令操作压载水系统。首先，我们必须检查管路并打开相应 的阀门。然后，检查压载水泵。如果正常的话，启动压载水泵，并根 据需要调节排出压力。最后，根据大副的指令停泵，并关闭相关阀

The ballast system is arranged to draw water from any tank or the sea and discharge it to any other tank or the sea. It is used to ballast or trim the vessel. When transferring ballast water from one tank to another, we must pay much attention. Open the related valves correctly. Close other valves start the pump. Otherwise we could not pump the water. The last but is important, we must ask for the permission from the port authorities before discharge ballast water or we’ll be fined.

14 谈一下压载系统地运行

压载系统用于排放任何柜中的水以及排放水到任何的柜中和大海中。它用于压载或平衡船。当驳运水从一个柜到另一柜时，我们必须注意。正确打开相关的阀。关闭其他的阀，起动泵。否则我们不能泵送水。最后也是最重要，我们在排放水前必须得到港务局的允许，否则我们将被罚款。

15 bilge system’s operation

1. Talk about the operation of the bilge system..

The operation of the bilge system is an important daily work, which needs great carefulness. When it is needed, the following procedure must be strictly observed: discharge the bilge tanks one by one; open and close the relevant valves; stop pumping out when the bilge tank is nearly empty; pay attention to the filters and mud-boxes to ensure no clogging; the discharge must meet the relevant legislative requirement; the operation must be recorded and reported to the C/E. The duty engineer should discharge the bilge water before handing over a watch. The relief engineer should check the bili9ge level when taking over a watch.

• ˈniːdɪd 、ˈstrɪktli、prəˈsiːdʒər、ˈempti、ˈklɑːɡɪŋ、ˈledʒɪs-leɪtɪv

15 谈一下压载系统的运行

压载系统的运行是一项重要的日常工作，需要非常小心。当需要时，一下程序必须被严格执行。一个接一个的排放压载舱。打开和关闭相关的阀。当压载舱快放空的时候停止泵送。注意确保细滤器和泥箱不被堵塞。排放必须满足相关的法律要求。记录操作，并向轮机长报告。值班轮机员在交班之前必须排放舱底水。当接班轮机员在接班时必须检查舱底水位。

易综合 97 - 110 15

第三章 驾机联系 12

1. Communications with officers.

​ Communication with officers is necessary to ensure safe navigation of the ship. Telephone and Telegraph are used to communicate with officers on the bridge. If the communication between the engine room and the bridge fails, the ship will be in danger. The records of communication should be maintained. Because they can serve as evidence in the event of accidents. Noon report is also a good means of communication between the engine room and the bridge.

1 与驾驶员的联系

为了确保船舶的安全航行，与船员沟通是必要的。电话和电报是用来和桥上的军官联络的。如果机舱和驾驶室之间的通讯中断，整艘船将处于危险之中。通讯记录应予保存。因为它们可以在发生事故时作为证据。中午报告也是机舱和驾驶台之间良好的通信手段。

2. Noon report.

​ Noon report is a report sent to the company. Every noon, C/E would read the logbook carefully. According to the parameters in the logbook, he would fill up the engine room noon report. The parameters include pressures, temperatures, oil consumption, and so on. The deck department should make another noon report. These two reports will be exchanged between the two departments at noon.

2 中午报告

航行中，轮机长每天必须仔细阅读机舱日志。根据机舱日志的参数，他将会填写机舱中午报告。这些参数包括压力，温度，耗油量等等。甲板部将会制作另一份中午报告。在中午的时候两个部门将会交换两份报告。

Noon report is one of items which must be recorded every day. It is a table. Record daily performance data and working hours of the main engine and auxiliary engines. Some of the data of main engine running . Ship and voyage are to be recorded, such as the total revolutions and overage rpm of main engine. At noon the speed of the ship, the distance of the ship has made and the distance still remains to the next port of call and of course the ETA which can be without according to the present speed and situations.

3. Take over watch.

​ The relieving engineer should arrive at the engine room 15 minutes before his watch. Then he should check around the engine room and steering gear room to ensure all the running equipment is in good order. He should pay attention to some important parameters such as main engine exhaust gas temperature, lube oil sump tank level, and so on. Also, he should communicate with the former duty engineer to see if there are any special requirements.

The taking over engineer should arrive at the engine room 15 minutes before his watch. Then check around the engine room and steering gear room to ensure all the running equipments are in good order. The following parameters must be in correct value: M/E exhaust gas temperature, M/E lube oil sump tank level. Pressure and temperature of lube oil and cooling water system, and so on. He should also check all the levels and conditions of all the tanks and any special requirement for use or disposal of the contents and so on.

3 接班

接班轮机员应在15分钟内到达机舱，对机舱和舵机间进行检查，以确保所有设备处于良好的运行状态。下面的参数必须在正确的数值：主机的废气温度，男/ E的润滑油集水缸水平。润滑油、冷却水系统的压力和温度。他还应该检查所有柜的液位和状态及任何使用或处理舱中液体的特殊要求。

**4. Hand over watch. **

Before handing over the watch, the duty engineer must ensure the relieving engineer is competent. All events related to the main and auxiliary machinery must be properly recorded. The duty engineer must inform the relieving engineer of the standing orders, special instructions, and any unfinished work. If he has any reason to believe that the relieving engineer is not competent, the duty engineer must not hand over the watch and report to the chief engineer.

• ˈkʌmpəniˈkɑːmpɪtənt \ rɪˈleɪtɪd

When finishing the watch, the duty engineer should hand over to his relief, he must ensure that the relief is competent. Before handing over the watch, the engineer in charge of the watch shall ensure that all events related to the main and auxiliary machinery are correctly recorded. He should tell the relieving engineer the standing orders, special instructions, and unfinished work. If he has any reason to believe that the relieving engineer is not competent, he shall not hand over the watch and the chief engineer shall be reported.

When finishing watch, each member on duty should hand over to his relief, he must ensure that the relief is able to take over and carry out his duties. Before handing over the watch, the engineer in charge of the watch shall ensure that all events related to the main and auxiliary machinery are suitably recorded. He should tell the relieving engineer the standing orders, special instructions and unfinished work, if any. If he has any reason to believe that the relieving engineer is not capable of carrying out the watchkeeping duties effectively, he shall not hand over the watch and the chief engineer shall be notified.

4 交班

当完成值班时，每一个值班人员应当交接给接班人员，他必须确保能够接班并执行他的职责。在交班之前，负责值班的轮机员应当确保记录了关于主辅机的所有相关事件。他应当告诉接班轮机员常规命令，特别说明和未完成的工作。如果他有任何的理由相信接班人员不能有效的执行值班职责，他将不会交班并通知轮机长。

5. Standby engine before departure.

After this order is given from bridge, the following work should be done one by one:

Check main engine telegraph and ship’s clock

Test the steering gear operation

Start another generator and put in use

Start all necessary pumps

Put on turning gear and let it run about half hour

Drain water from air receiver

5 离开前备车

驾驶台发出指令后，做一下的工作

检查主机车钟和船上的表

测试舵机的运行

启动另一个发电机并投入使用

启动所有必要的泵

啮合盘车机并使其运行约半小时

泄放空气瓶的水

6. Standby engine after sailing.

1) When do you begin standing by engine? 2) How do you stand by engine?

​ Before arriving at somewhere something must be done in advance: the C/E must be in the engine control room. The duty engineer must prepare the fuel changing over from heavy fuel to diesel oil, the starting air bottles must be pumped up to their maximum allowable pressure. The oily water separator and fresh water generator are to be stopped. Start another alternator to supply enough power.Some control modes must be changed from remote to manual control.

6 航行后备车

在到达某地之前，一些事情须提前被做：老轨必须在集控室。值班轮机员必须准备换油，启动空气瓶须泵至最大可允许的压力。油水分离器和造水机要停止运行。再启动一台发电机用于提供足够电力。一些控制模式必须换到手动，等等。

7. Measures to be taken by duty engineers at rough sea.

​ At rough sea, the M/E R.P.M. should be reduced to a safety value. Fuel oil filters and lube oil filters should be cleaned in time. All loose parts must be tightened. M/E system parameters should be kept in correct value, such as the exhaust gas temperature, lube oil temperature and pressure, cooling water temperature and pressure and so on.

7 在波涛汹涌的海上，值班轮机员采取的措施

在波涛汹涌的海上，主机转速应该降到一个安全值。燃油滤器和滑油滤器应该及时清洗。所有运动部件必须拧紧。主机系统参数应该保持在正确值，比如排气温度，滑油温度和压力，冷却水温度和压力，等等。

8. Action to be taken after “Finish with engine”.

After this order is given, the following work should be carried out:

Ensure the telegraph at stop position.

Shut the starting air valves.

Open M/E indicator valves.

Put in turning gear, and let it run about half an hour.

Stop M/E lube oil pump 20 minutes later.

8完车后采取的措施

在完车令发出后，应该做以下工作：

确保车钟在停车位

关闭启动空气阀

打开主机示功阀

啮合盘车机，使其运行约半小时

二十分钟后停主机滑油泵

9. Talk about the steering gear testing.

every time before sailing, steering gear must be tested.First the feed oil pump is stated. Then the duty officer from bridge operates the steering gear at different degrees,and the duty engineer reads out the degrees from steering gear room,these two degrees should be the same.

就如我们所知的一样，在每次航行前，必须试舵。在启动给油泵后，驾驶台的值班驾驶员以不同的度数来操舵。每次值班轮机员要从舵机室读出度数，度数应与驾驶台的没有任何差别。

9 谈一下舵机测试

10. Actions to be taken in the case of the trial of main engine.

Before the trial of main engine, the duty engineer should correct the clock and telegraph with the duty officer on bridge and do the following work:

a. Keep the oils and water’s temperature and pressure at a working value

b. Put in the turning gear, give the main engine at least one complete run to ensure that there’s no water flows from the indicator cock, every moving parts move freely, and at the same time, hand operate the cylinder lubricators, then take out the turning gear.

c. Open or close the relative valves

d. Pump up the starting air reservoirs to their max pressure

e. Check all hand-oil and grease-lubricated bearings to ensure their lubricant is correct.

f. Check the reversing and control gear

As all these have been done, he can start the main engine on air briefly on both directions, and then give it a brief trial on power ahead and astern. At last, the duty engineer should ring “stand –by” on the engine telegraph.

10 万一主机试车时，采取的行动

在试车前，值班轮机员和值班驾驶员应核对时间和车钟，并且做一下工作：

a.保持油温，水温和压力在工作时的数值

b.啮合盘车机，让其至少转完整的一转来确保没有水从示功阀流出。每个运动部件要运动自如，同时手动操作气缸注油器，然后脱开盘车机。

C．打开或关闭相关阀

d.启动空气瓶泵至最大压力

e.检查所有手动注油和油脂润滑承来确保润滑剂正确

f.检查换向和控制装置

当所有这些完成。正车和倒车来启动主机，并且做简单的试车，最后值班轮机员应在车钟上发出备车令

11. Talk about Engine Room Orders

Engine room orders are normally given from bridge to engine room ,the duty engineer should carry out them correctly and immediately

The engine orders include:

Stand by engines; Finished with engines; Stop engine;

Full ahead; half ahead; slow ahead; dead slow ahead;

Full astern; Half astern; Slow astern; Dead slow astern;

Emergency full ahead; Emergency full astern.

11 谈一下机舱命令

任何机舱令应由操作驾驶台车钟的人重复，值班轮机员应确保命令正确及时执行。机舱令包括：

备车，完车，停车 全速前进，半速前进，慢速前进，微速前进

全速倒车，半速倒车，慢速倒车，微速倒车

紧急全速正车，紧急全速倒车

12. Talk about the telegraph in the engine room

This telegraph is on the control room console. It is used to control and indicate the M.E. condition. On the telegraph, two directions are shown, they are ahead and astern, and between them is the stop position.The telegraph is also used to communicate with the bridge. Every time before sailing, the telegraph must be checked. It should have no difference with the bridge telegraph.

12 谈一下机舱车钟

车钟在控制室的面板上。被用于控制和显示主机状况。在车钟上，显示两个方向，那就是，正车和倒车，在它们之间是停车位。每次航行前，车钟必须被检查。机舱车钟应与驾驶台的没有任何差别。

第四章 应急用语 29

1. Describe briefly one of the main engine breakdown cases that you experienced or heard.

Last year when I worked on a bulk carrier, I found the exhaust temperature of the main engine was rising quickly. There coolingwas a fire in the scavenge air box. We reduced the engine speed, cut off fuel oil from the affected cylinders. And opened wide the inlet valve of the cooling water. The fire quickly burnt out. I think we took the correct actions.

1简短描述一下你经历或听到的主机损坏情况

去年在散货船上工作，我发现主机排气温度上升很快。扫气箱着火了。主机降速。切断受影响的汽缸的燃油。我完全打开冷却水进入阀。值班机工增大汽缸润滑。火快速熄灭。

2. Actions to be taken in the event of sudden stoppage of the main engine.

​ In the event of sudden stoppage of the main engine, the possible cause may be the safety protection system functioning, due to low lube oil pressure, fuel oil breakdown, blackout, and so on. Generally, we will carefully check the main engine and find the causes. Then, we will take measures to remedy the trouble. after that, we will reset and restart the main engine.

• ˈstɑːpɪdʒ、ˈremədi

2万一主机突然停止，采取的措施

万一主机突然停止，可能是由于低的滑油压力，燃油故障，全船断电，超速使安全保护系统起作用。通常，我们应当采取以下行动：首先，我们仔细检查主机并发现原因。其次。我们采取措施修复故障。第三，我们重新设定并重启主机。

3. Actions to be taken in the event of the turbocharger surge.

​ In the event of the turbocharger surge, the possible causes include high back pressure of exhaust manifold and low flowing quantity, rapid change in load, insufficient fuel oil, bad combustion, scavenge fire and so on. Generally, we will slow down the main engine,then find the causes, and do some remedies.

3如果涡轮增压器喘震，采取的措施

如果涡轮增压器喘震。可能是由排气总管的高背压和低流量，负载的快速变化，燃油不足，燃烧不良扫气箱着火等引起的。万一涡轮增压器喘震，我们将给主机降速，发现愿意，做一些修复。

4. Notices to be taken when the main engine running with one cylinder being cut off.

当主机单缸封缸运行的时候，采取的措施

​ When the M/E is running with one cylinder being cut off, the M/E speed and load should be reduced to avoid other cylinders becoming overload. Special attention should be paid to the exhaust temperature of the remaining cylinders. It cannot exceed normal full load temperatures. If the turbocharger surges, reduce the load further to avoid continuous surging.

当主机单缸封缸运行的时候，减小主机速度和负载去避免其他汽缸过载。特别注意剩余汽缸的排气温度。它不能超过正常的全负荷温度。如果涡轮增压器喘震，进一步减小负载以避免持续喘震。

5. Actions to be taken when scavenge fire occurs.

​ When scavenge fire occurs, we should inform the bridge immediately, and then reduce the engine speed, cut off fuel supply of affected cylinders and increase cylinder lubrication.Next, close all the scavenge drains. If there is a big fire, the engine must be stopped.

If a scavenge fire occurs, the following actions should be taken at once: Report it to the bridge (captain).

If there is a small fire: (1) slow down the engine; (2) cut off fuel supply of affected cylinders; (3) increase cylinder lubrication minimize the risk of seizure; (4) close all the scavenge drains. A fire extinguishing medium should be injected through the fitting provided in the scavenge trunk. On no account should the trunk be opened up.

If there is a big fire, the engine must be stopped.

5如果扫气箱着火，采取的行动

如果扫气箱着火，立刻采取一下行动：报告给驾驶台或船长。如果发生小型火灾1 给主机降速 2 切断受影响的汽缸的供油。3 增加汽缸润滑减小卡死的风险4 关闭所有扫气口。一个灭火介质通过扫气箱的装置注入。在任何情况下扫气箱都不应当打开。

如果有大型火灾，应立刻停车。

6. Actions to be taken when a crankcase explosion occurs.

​ When crankcase explosion occurs, we should inform the bridge immediately, and then stop the engine , the fuel oil supply pumps and the lube oil pumps. After the engine has stopped, we should try our best to find the cause of the explosion.

If a crankcase explosion occurs, we should immediately take actions. We should inform the bridge right away. We should reduce engine speed to “slow”. We should ask the bridge for permission to stop the main engine. When the engine is stopped, stop the primary fuel oil pump. And stop the lubricating oil pump. We should try our best to find the cause of the explosion.

If a crankcase explosion occurs, the following actions should be taken at once: (1) report to the bridge (captain); (2) stop the engine; (3) stop fuel oil primary pump; (4) stop lubricating oil pump; (5) cut off starting air; (6) engage turning gear.

6如果曲轴箱爆炸，采取的行动：

如果曲轴箱爆炸，采取一下行动：

1 报告驾驶台或船长 2 停止主机 3 停止燃油原动泵 4停止滑油泵 5 切断启动空气 6啮合盘车机

7. Describe briefly one of the blackout cases that you experienced or heard.

1) the case. 事件 2) actions taken in that case. 在事件中采取的行动 3) Your comments as to the actions.对于行动的你的评论

One day, our ship suddenly blacked out while at sea. The fourth engineer stopped the main engine first, and reported the bridge and chief engineer immediately. He started the standby generator. When power was supplied again,he started the steering gear and pumps first, and then started the main engine. I think the fourth engineer took the correct actions.

One day, our ship suddenly blacked out while at sea, luckily the state of sea was good, we dealt with it. The engineer took the following actions: he stopped the main engine first, and informed the bridge and chief engineer immediately, then started the standby generator as soon as possible. With power supply he started the steering gear and pumps first, and then started the main engine. The measure was correct, and at last the power was recovered.

7 简单描述一下你听到或经历的全船断电的事例

一天，在航行时我们的船突然全船断电，幸运的是海况很好，我们处理它。轮机员采取以下行动：首先他停止主机，离开通知驾驶台和轮机长，然后尽快启动备用发动机。供电之后首先启动舵机和泵，然后启动主机。措施正确，最后动力将会恢复。

8. Describe the procedure to start an emergency generator.

When we start the emergency generator, we should take the following steps. First, check the lube oil and fuel oil levels, as well as the water level. Second, the selecting switch will change over from “automatic” to “manual”. Third, push the starting button, and check the voltage and frequency.

To start an emergency generator, the following procedures must be followed. First check the lube oil level in the crankcase of its prime mover. Then check the fuel oil level in the tank. Also check the-air. pressure if the generator unit is air-started. And check the battery voltage if the unit is battery started. Make sure that there are no obstacles around the machine. After seeing that every thing is in order, start the machine.

8 描述一下起动应急发电机的程序

当我们起动应急发电机时，我们采取以下步骤，首先检查滑油和燃油，以及水位。其次选择开关从自动转换到手动。第三，按起动按钮，检查电压和频率。

9. Describe the maintenance work of emergency battery.

The maintenance work of emergency battery include: 1) check the electrolyte level. 2) Keep the emergency battery clean. 3) Measure the voltage of the battery. 4) Measure the specific gravity of the electrolyte. 5) Change and discharge the battery regularly.

The maintenance work of the emergency battery is in the charge of the fourth engineer. He should check the battery regularly. He should clean oxide on it. And he should check the specific gravity. If necessary, he should fill in some distilled water or electrolyte.. The record of the maintenance should be kept.

9 描述一下应急蓄电池的保养工作

应急蓄电池的保养工作包括：1 检查电解液液位 2 保持应急蓄电池的干净 3 测量蓄电池的电压 4 测量电解液的比重 5 定期给蓄电池充电和放电，来保护电极板。

10. Actions to be taken when a blackout occurs in the engine.

When a blackout occurs in the engine, we inform the bridge and chief engineer immediately,and then start up the standby generator , supply the power and restore the switch of automatic trip. We should try our best to find the cause of the blackout

If a blackout occurs in the engine room, we should take actions immediately. First we should inform the bridge. If the blackout relates to the generator’. the standby generator will start up automatically. The navigation equipment, lighting, steering gear system and fire alarms should be first provided with electricity. Then we should try to find the problem causing the blackout. We should eliminate the problem as quickly as possible

10万一发生全船断电，采取的行动

万一发生全船断电，立刻采取一下行动 1 通知驾驶台和轮机长 2 启动备用发电机 3供电 4 恢复自动跳闸的开关

11. Talk about fire fighting equipment on board.

​ There are different fire fighting equipment on board,such as fire pumps, extinguishers, CO2 systems and so on.Different fire extinguishers can be used to put out different kinds of fire.Water is suitable for Class A fire. Foam is suitable for Class B fire. CO2 is suitable for Class C fire. Chemical dry powder(metal) is suitable for Class D fire. It is important to keep firefighting equipment in good order. And it should be kept ready for use.

10 谈一下船上的消防设备

在船上有很多消防设备，包括：消防泵，应急消防泵，消防总管，消防水龙带，消防栓，便携式灭火器和固定装置。在船上有很多便携式灭火器。酸碱灭火器用于灭积炭火。化学泡沫灭火器用于处理油火，它用在机舱和其他油火发生的地方。二氧化碳灭火器和干粉灭火器用于处理化学类火灾。保持消防设备井然有序和准备使用是非常重要的

12. Talk about fire.

​ Fire is a constant hazard at sea. It is the result of a combination of three factors, inflammable material, heat, and oxygen. To put out a fire, we should try to remove one of the three elements. Fires are classified according to the material involved. For example, burning wood is Class A, burning oils is Class B, and so on .

12 谈论一下火灾

在海上火灾很危险。火是三因素组合的结果，三因素包括易燃材料，热源和氧气。根据相关的材料，分成四种火灾。例如轻金属的燃烧属于D类火。电气设备的燃烧属于C类火。油类燃烧属于B类火。木材燃烧属于A类火。

13. Talk about a fire fighting drill.

A fire fighting drill shall be conducted at regular interval. For a cargo ship, the interval is usually once a month.A firefighting drill should include the following actions: The fire alarm is sounded. All crew ensure the fire position and go to the location. take the measures according to the Captain. Every crew membe should understand the importance of a fire fighting drill.

A fire fighting drill shall be conducted at regular interval. It includes the following action: (1) someone finds the fire and reports to the bridge at once; (2) the bridge gives the fire alarm; (3) all crew ensure the fire position and go to the location; (4) take the measures according to the Captain. Every crew member shall be aware of the importance of a fire fighting drill.

13 谈一下消防演习

定期举行消防演习。包括已下措施：有人发现火灾并立刻报告给驾驶台2 驾驶台发出火警警报 3 所有的船员确定火源并到达那。4 根据船长的指示采取措施，每个船员必须意识到消防演习的重要性。

14. Actions to be taken when a fire occurs in the engine room.

​ when a fire occurs in the engine room,we should sound the alarm first.Then we should take actions to prevent the fire from spreading out and put out the fire with portable extinguisher.If the fire is out of control， all staff should leave the engine room at once.All the doors and ventilations should be closed before is carbon dioxide is released

If a fire occurs, the following actions should be taken at once: (1) report to the (captain) or push the alarm button; (2) close the ventilation doors; (3) shut off the electric power; (4) ensure the fire source; (5) put out the fire by portable extinguisher, (6) check the number of the engine crew; (7) let out carbon dioxide.

14 如果机舱发生火灾，采取的行动

如果发生火灾，，立刻采取行动：1 报告给船长或者按下报警按钮 2 关闭通风门 3切断电源 4 确定火源 5 用便携式灭火器灭火 6 清点机舱人员 7释放二氧化碳

1. Describe briefly one of the collision cases that you experienced or heard.

   the case. 事件

   actions taken in that case. 在事件中采取的措施

   your comments as to the actions. 对于行动的你的评论

​ A collision occurred on board my ship due to heavy fog.when the collision happened. The chief engineer go to the engine room at once.The engineers sounded fuel levels and checked the damage position. They cut off the source of power, oil and water near the damage position. The measures were right. At last, we were safe.

​ Someday, a ship collided with another ship. The former’s anchor had pierced the latter’s peak tank. Chief engineer sent somebody to cut off the anchor chains immediately. At the same time, the ship was listing severely, so they pumped some water to the port ballast tank. The measure was right. At last, they were safe.

15 简短描述一下你经历或听到的船碰撞的事例

一天，我们的船与另一艘船碰撞。前者的锚刺穿了后者的尖舱，轮机长派人立刻去切断另一艘船的锚链。同时，船严重倾斜，所以他们泵水到左舷压载舱。措施正确。最后，他们安全了。

16. Actions to be taken in the event of collision.

​ In the event of collision, we should according to the Muster List and carry out the bridge orders immediately. The chief engineer should go to the engine room immediately. The speed of the main engine should be reduced. Damage should be detected. and if found any damage control actions should be carried out. And constant contact with the bridge should be maintained.

(1) Stand by the engine; (2) cut off electric power, oil, water and air near the accident place; (3) carry out Captain’s order.

16 万一发生碰撞，采取的行动

1 备车 3 切断事故位置附近的电源，油、水、以及空气。3 执行船长的命令

17. Talk about the on-board communication in the event of collision.

​ In the event of collision, on-board communication is very important . Firstly, the alarm for emergency will be sounded.Secondly, the master will be informed.Then the bridge will inform the engine room.After the chief engineer arrives at the engine room, he will talk with the master and other bridge officers about present situations.Further actions will be taken through on-board communications.

-ˈfɜːrðər

18. Describe briefly one of the flooding cases that you experienced or heard.

1) the case. 2) actions taken in that case. 3) your comments as to the actions.

​ One day, our ship was on rocks, and we found the engine room flooded. When the engine room flooding occurred, the duty engineer reported to the chief engineer and the bridge at once, and sounded the alarm. All the crew members taken actions according to the Muster List. At last, we were safe. I think we took the correct actions.

18 简短描述一下你听到或遇到的船触礁的事例

一天，我们的船触礁了，并发现机舱进水。当机舱发生进水，值班轮机员立刻报告给轮机长，船长和值班驾驶员并报警。所有的船员根据应变部署表行动。措施正确，最后，我们安全了。

19. Actions to be taken in the event of flooding. 标记开始-使用ai修正语法

​ Engine room flooding is one of the emergency situations on board. If it occurs, we should take action according to the Muster List. The engine room and the bridge should communicate with each other about the situation. Bilge pumps or blankets should be used to stop it. If the flooding cannot be controlled, further emergency response should be carried out.

• ˈflʌdɪŋ / ˈblæŋkɪts / ˈfɜːrðər

(1) Report to the bridge (Captain); (2) slow down the M/E; (3) close watertight doors; (4) open the emergency valve; (5) start seawater pump; (6) discharge some water overboard.

1 报告给驾驶台或船长 2 给主机降速 3 关闭水密门 4 打开应急阀 5启动海水泵 6将水排放到船外

19 万一进水，采取的行动

20. Talk about the Muster list.

​ The muster list is an important document on board. It includes alarm signals and specifies the stations and tasks of the crew during the firefighting, flooding, abandoning ship, and so on. For instance, during flooding, as a third engineer, I must frequently sound the oil tanks, transfer oil between tanks according to the chief officer’s orders, note whether there is any oil on the water surface and prevent pollution.

• ˈdɑːkjumənt / ˈspesɪfaɪz / tɑːsks / ˈfriːkwəntli/ ˈɪntərv(ə)lz

It tells the crew members their position and duties in emergency situations, such as fire, collision, oil spill, abandoning ship, ship grounding and so on. For example, in case of flooding, the chief engineer should go to the engine room and be in general command. As a 2th engineer, I should maneuver the main engine. Some other members should go to stop the flooding and so on.

19 谈一下应变部署表

应变部署表是船上的重要文件。它告诉船员在紧急情况下他们的位置和职责，例如火灾，碰撞，溢油，弃船等等。例如，万一进水，轮机长应当去机舱并作为总指挥。大管应当机动操作主机。其他人员去阻止进水等等。

21. Describe briefly one of the cases that you experienced or heard about evacuating from the engine room.

​ I have heard of a case of evacuating from the engine room. The high pressure oil pipe of the ship’s No.1 generator burst. Fuel oil splashed onto the exhaust pipe, sparking a major fire. After evacuating everyone in the engine room, the engineer activated the CO2 firefighting system. Finally , the fire was put out. I think they took the correct actions .

• ɪˈvækjueɪtɪŋ / bɜːrst / ˈspɑːrkɪŋ / kəˈrekt / ˈæktɪveɪtɪd

Once a container ship collided with a bulk carrier, the captain of the container ship decided to abandon the ship since it was in danger of sinking. The engine room personnel stopped the engine, cut off the electric supply, closed the ventilators and released the compressed air and steam. The chief engineer collected the important documents and all engine room staff evacuated from the engine room.

21简短描述一下你听到或遇到的从机舱撤离的事例

一旦一艘集装箱船和一艘散货船碰撞，因为有下沉的危险，集装箱船的船长决定弃船。机舱人员停止主机，切断电源，关闭通风机，释放压缩空气和蒸汽。轮机长收集重要的文件，所以机舱人员从机舱撤离。

22. Talk about an abandon ship drill

​ Every crewmember should take part in an abandon ship drill once a month. During an abandon ship drill, the engine department should stop all the running machines and equipment in the engine room, shut off all the ventilators and watertight doors. The chief engineer should bring the Engine Room Logbook. Evacuate all personnel to the abandon ship station with life jackets on. Every crewmember shall take it seriously.

• ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ / ˈventɪleɪtər / ˈwɔːtərtaɪt / ˈsɪriəsli

1) How often shall an abandon ship drill be conducted?

2) actions taken in that case.

(1) Start up the emergency generator; (2) shut down the boiler; (3) cut off fuel supply; (4) close the ventilators, doors and so on; (5) close watertight doors; (6) launch lifeboat.

22 谈一下弃船演习

1 启动应急发电机 2关闭锅炉 3切断电源 4关闭通风机、门等等 6救生艇下水

3) your comments as to the actions.对于行动的你的意见

23. Talk about the maintenance work of the lifeboat engine.

​ The maintenance work of the lifeboat engine includes: Every week, check oil level and water level, start the lifeboat engine ahead and astern, and let it run for a few minutes. Protect the lifeboat engine from freezing with anti-freezing fluid. It should be kept in good condition. Usually the PSCO will test it, so pay attention to it.

• ˈfriːzɪŋ

23 谈一下救生艇发电机的保养工作

救生艇发电机的保养工作主要包括：1检查各种油位和水位 2 每周启动救生艇发电机一次，运行大约五分钟 3 用防冻液防止发动机冻住

24. Talk about the SOPEP.

​ SOPEP stands for the Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan. It is very important for controlling oil pollution. It should include the following contents: Procedures to be followed in case of oil pollution. Pollution reporting system and the authority or persons to be contacted including the telephone numbers. List of oil spill response equipment to be maintained and prepared. Detailed description of actions to be taken immediately.

• əˈθɔːrəti / ˈdiːteɪld / dɪˈskrɪpʃn

SOPEP stands for Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan. Its main contents include the person to be contacted in case of oil spill, his contacting methods such as phone number and address, the procedure to be adopted in case of oil spill, such as the disposal methods, anti-pollution equipment and materials.

24 谈一下SOPEP

SOPEP代表船舶油污应急计划。它的主要内容包括万一溢油时需要联系的人员，他的联系方法例如电话号码和地址，溢油时采取的措施例如处理方法，防污设备和材料。

25. Talk about some material used for oil spillage.

​ The materials used for oil spillage mainly include the following: the materials used for cleaning up spilled oil is absorbent materials, such as sawdust, straw and oil felt. Oil dispersant can be used after getting permission from the port authorities. Oil boom is used to prevent spilled oil from spreading out.

• əbˈsɔːrbənt / ˈsɔːdʌst / strɔː / felt / dɪˈspɜːrsənt / ˈspredɪŋ

The materials used for oil spillage mainly include the following: 1) the material used for cleaning up spilled oil, for example, the oil absorbent such as saw dust and oil felt.2)The material for preventing split oil from spreading out, such as oil booms. Oil dispersant is seldom used since it must get the approval from the port administration and may cause secondary pollution.

25 谈一下用于溢油的材料

用于溢油的材料主要包括：1用于清除溢油的材料，例如吸油剂例如锯末和吸油毡 2 用于阻止溢油蔓延的材料，例如围油栏。消油剂很少，因为它必须得到港口当局的允许，而且它可能引起二级污染。

26. Describe briefly one of the oil spill cases that you experienced or heard.

​ Once, when our ship was bunkering, suddenly, the third engineer found some spilled oil. We took the following procedures: we stopped pumping and other operations first, then sound the alarm at once; the crew came to their respective positions and took actions immediately according to SOPEP. At last, the oil spill stopped. I think we took correct actions.

• rɪˈspektɪv /

After we finished all the actions, records were made on what happened.

1) the case. 2) actions taken in that case. 3) your comments as to the actions.

26简短描述一下你听到或遇到的溢油的事例

一次，我们的船正在加油，突然，二管发现了一些溢油。我们采取了以下的措施：首先停止泵送和其它运行，然后立刻发出警报，船员到他们各自的位置，并根据SOPEP立刻采取行动。

我们在完成所有的行动后，我们应当记录所发生的事情。措施正确，最后，溢油停止了。

27. Talk about the actions to be taken in the event of a man falling overboard.

​ In the event of a man falling overboard, the person who sees the accident must shout for help, inform the bridge, throw a lifebuoy into the water, and keep the man in sight. The bridge should sound the alarm and take measures to save the man, for example, slowing down, changing the direction, and lowering the lifeboat to pick up the man.

• ʃaʊt、saɪt 、 seɪv 、dəˈrekʃ(ə)n

27谈一下万一有人落水，采取的行动

万一有人落水，看见事故的人必须大声呼救，通知驾驶台，将救生圈扔到水中，让落水人员在视线范围之内。驾驶台应当发出警报，采取措施去救人，例如，减速，换向，放下救生艇来救落水人员。

28. Talk about the first aid.

​ First aid is very important for bringing back the life of a victim.The usual actions taken in the first aid include artificial breathing, stopping bleeding with a bandage and so on. Once I saw a sailor who had his hand injured during the firefighting drill. I immediately helped him stop the bleeding with the medicine and the bandage.

• ˈbrɪ-ŋɪŋ / ˈvɪktɪm / ˈjuːʒuəl / ɑːrtɪˈfɪʃ(ə)l / ˈbriːðɪŋ / ˈbliːdɪŋ / ˈbændɪdʒ / ˈseɪlər /helpt / ˈmedɪs(ə)n

First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available.

28 谈一下急救

急救是在得到专业的医疗措施之前，给突然地生病者或受伤者采取的紧急救护。通常采取的急救措施包括：人工呼吸、用绷带止血等等。一次我看见一位船员在消防演习期间手受伤，我立刻用药和绷带帮助他止血。

29. Safety measures to be taken when working in engine room

​ The measures include the following: remember and observe the safety principle, wear work clothes , shoes, and a safety helmet , do not smoking, be familiar with emergency and firefighting equipment, put oily rags in a covered metal box.

• w-er/ ˈhelmɪt / fəˈmɪliər / ræɡz / met(ə)l

(1) Remember the safety principle; (2) wear work clothes and shoes, safety helmet and so on; (3) no smoking; (4) be familiar with emergency equipment; (5) be familiar with fire fighting equipment; (6) put the oily water cloth in the covered metal box etc.

29 在机舱时，采取的安全措施

1记住安全规则 2 穿工作服和鞋，带安全帽等等。3 禁止吸烟 4 熟悉应急设备 5 熟悉消防设备 6 把污油衣服放进金属箱等

第五章 对外业务联系 13

1. Talk with the workers on oil barge.两份答案 参选

​ Before bunkering, the Third Engineer should go down to the oil barge, measure the oil level, and talk about the signals to start and stop bunkering as well as how to handle emergency conditions. During bunkering, frequently measure oil levels and take oil samples. After bunkering, the Third Engineer should measure the oil tank in our ship and in the oil barge again to calculate the oil quantity.

• ˈfriːkwəntli/ əˈreɪndʒ / ˈreləvənt

When the oil barge gets alongside our ship, the Third engineer should come down to the oil barge. He should take sounding of the oil content with the workers in the oil barge. And talk about the signals to start and stop bunkering, and how to deal with some emergency conditions. He should make the valves correctly opened. During bunkering, the Third Engineer should arrange motorman to take sounding of the oil level. After bunkering, the Third Engineer should measure the oil tank in our ship and in the oil barge again to calculate the oil quantity.

1 谈一下油驳上的工人

加油前，二管应当去油驳测量油位，商量开始和停止加油的信号，商量怎样处理紧急情况。在加油期间，安排机工测量油位。在加油后，二管应该去测量我船和油驳的油位，计算出油量。

2. Please describe a bunkering operation on board your ship.两份答案 参选

​ When selecting the fuel oil, there are many factors to consider, such as viscosity, cetane number, flash point and so on. Before bunkering, the engine room personnel should make the bunkering plan and other necessary preparations.The Third engineer will go to the oil barge to measure oil levels, temperature and water content, and collect oil samples. After bunkering, the crew will flush the oil retained in the hoses with compressed air.

• flʌʃ / ˈhoʊzɪz / kəmˈprest

The third engineer will go to the oil barge to measure the content of all the oil tanks. During bunkering, the engine department and deck department should work cooperatively. After bunkering, the crew will flush the oil retained in the hoses with compressed air and calculate the volume of oil received.

When selecting fuel oil, we should take into account more than 10 factors such as viscosity, water content, flash point, setting point and so on. Before bunkering, the third engineer will go down to the oil lighter to do some measurement work. Record oil level of oil tanks, talk about signals to start and stop and so on. After bunkering, but before dismantling the pipe, the oil retained in the hose should be blown through by compressed air.

2 描述一下你船上的加油操作

当选择燃油的时，我们至少要考虑十种因素，例如粘度，水含量，闪点，凝点等。加油前，二管去油驳进行测量，记录油柜的油位，商量加油启停的信号等。加油后，拆管路之前，留在软管里的油应通过压缩空气吹出。

3. The voyage repair.

​ One of our donkey engines broke down during the voyage, and we couldn’t repair it, so our ship entered the shipyard for the voyage repair. The workers did a lot of repair work and maintenance. They measured the relevant parameters, and dismantled the donkey engine, replaced some worn parts, cleaned the dirty parts and finally reassembled it. The voyage repair came to the end soon. The abnormal donkey engine was made good, and the ship was safe.

• ˈdɑːŋki / broʊk / ˈvɔɪɪdʒ

Because the ballast pipe found leakage in NO.2 F. O. tank due to corrosion. We cannot repair the pipe by ourselves. So our ship came into the shipyard for the voyage repair. The workers did a lot of repair work and maintenance. First the workers tested the oil vapor content. After disconnect the damaged pipes. At last, the new pipe will be assembled. After repair, we check and receive the repair items. It is satisfying. So we leave the shipyard very soon.

2 航行

由于碰撞，2号燃油柜的压载管路发生了泄漏。我们不能自己修理管路。所以我们的船进入船厂进行航修。工人做很多的修理和保养工作。首先工人要测试油气的含量。随后断开损害的管路。最后组装新管路。修理后，我们检查和接受修理项。结果是令人满意的。因此我们很快离开了船厂。

4. The work before repair.

​ Before repair, the engine room personnel have a lot of work to do. They should confirm which items in their charge are to be repaired. They will prepare the necessary spare parts and special tools. Then the second engineer will collect all the information about the repair items. After being verified by the chief engineer and signed by the captain, the repair list will be submitted to the company for approval.

4 修理前的工作

修理之前，检查人员要做许多的工作。他们应该确认他们负责的哪一些项要被修理，他们要准备必要的备件和专用工具。然后大管收集关于修理项的所有信息。在轮机长核实和船长签字之后，提交修理单给公司得到同意。

5. Talk about the safety measurements during ship repair in shipyard.

​ When the ship is in shipyard for repair, the ship and shipyard must hold a meeting and make a safety decision. The crew must keep good cooperation with shipyard workers and obey the safety measures. The ship must arrange for safetymen to assist the shipyard safetymen. Especially,during gas welding, smoking is only permitted in smoking-room. The crew on duty must carefully check and accept the repair items.If the ship is on fire,the crew must hold their duties to protect the ship’s safety and obey the shipyard’s command.

5谈一下：当船在船厂修理时，船的安全措施

当船在船厂修理时，船和船厂必须开会并作出安全决定。船员必须与船厂工人进行良好的合作，遵守安全决定。船必须安排保安员去协助船厂保安员，尤其是在气焊期间。只允许在吸烟室吸烟。值班船员必须仔细核对和接受修理项，如果船着火，船员必须履行职责来保护船舶的安全遵守船厂的指挥。

6. Talk about the dock repair.

​ The ocean-going vessels generally have to be dry-docked every 2 or 3 years.Before dock repair, the repair list should be made out and sent to the company. The stores and spare parts should be prepared.The main repair items are as follows: The tail shaft should be withdrawn. The tail shaft and its sealing arrangement should be carefully checked and repaired if damage is found. The propeller should be polished and checked. The sea inlet and outlet valves should be ground and applied with anti-corrosive paint. During dock repair, the engineer in charge should carefully check and accept the repair items.

• peɪnt

6 谈一下坞修

远洋船必须每两到三年进干坞。1 在坞修前，制定修理单并送到公司。准备好备件和货物。2，坞修时，主要修理项目如下：拆卸尾轴，如果发现损坏，仔细检查并且修理。抛光并检查螺旋桨。研磨海水进口阀和出口阀并涂上防腐蚀的油漆。3 在这个过程中，负责的轮机员仔细检查和接受修理项，

7. As a chief Engineer, what will you take into consideration if you want to receive a new ship?

​ As a chief engineer, if I want to receive a new ship, I will take the following items into consideration. First, check the list of engine room equipment and machinery, as well as the list of stores and spare parts. Second, test all the devices in the engine room. Third, conduct the sea trial, collect and submit all the items of non-conformity to the company.

7做为轮机长，如果你想要接受一艘新船，将要考虑什么？

做为轮机长，如果我想要接受一艘新船，我将考虑一下项目。首先，检查机舱设备和机器清单，货物和备件清单。其次，测试所有机舱装置。第三，实施试航，收集并提交所有不符合项给公司。

8. Please talk about a damage survey on board your ship.

​ During the last voyage, we encountered bad weather. We then checked all the equipment and found that the port windlass was damaged by heavy seas. The captain sent a telegraph to the company to request a voyage repair and also invited a surveyor to carry out a damage survey. Yesterday, the surveyor from CCS came on board and inspected the windlass thoroughly. He verified the damage range, extent, and reasons, as well as the effect on safe sailing, and prepared an estimated cost. After the inspection, the surveyor issued a survey report.

Last voyage, we encountered bad weather.Then we checked all the equipment and found the port windlass was damaged by heavy sea.The captain send a telegraph to the company to request a voyage repair and also invite a surveyor to carry out the damage survey. Yesterday, the surveyor from CCS come on board end inspected the windlass thoroughly. He verified the damage range. extend and reasons ,as well as the effect on safe sailing , preparing extant cost. After the inspection the surveyor issued a survey report.

8 谈一下你船上的破损检查

上一次航行中，我们遇到了恶劣的天气。在那之后，我们检查了所有的设备，发现左舷锚机被巨浪损坏。船长发电报给公司要求航修，也要求一个验船师执行破损检查。昨天，在我们停靠之后，来自船级社的验船师和工人上船。验船师彻底检查了锚机，核实了损坏范围、程度和原因，以及对安全航行的影响，修理范围和修理成本。在检查之后，验船师发布检查报告。

9. Talk about an accident occurring in engine room.

​ When the ship was in port, an accident happened in the engine room. The duty engineer arranged for the chief motorman and oiler A to check the main engine inner parts. After opening the crankcase access doors, the chief motorman went down into the crankcase. He did not hold the engine frame firmly and slipped, injuring his left leg. Oiler A reported it at once, and the second officer gave him an injection to relieve the pain. Then, the chief motorman was sent to the hospital, and a safety meeting was held on board.

When the ship was in port, an accident occurred in the engine room. The duty engineer instructed the chief motorman and oiler A to inspect the main engine inner parts. After opening the crankcase access doors, the chief motorman entered the crankcase. He failed to hold the engine frame firmly and slipped, injuring his left leg. Oiler A immediately reported the incident, and the second officer administered an injection to relieve the pain. The chief motorman was then sent to the hospital, and a safety meeting was held on board.

9谈一下发生在机舱的事故

10. Talk with a ship-chandler.

​ When I talk with a shipchandler, first I will say hello to him and then ask him some questions about his name, his stores and so on. Then I will give him the order list and ask him whether they are available. Usually we will bargain about the price and I will ask for some discount. At last we should set the time to deliver the spare parts and stores on board. I will also require him to deliver them on time; otherwise he should be responsible for it.

10与船舶供应商交谈

当我与船舶供应商交谈时，首先我跟他打招呼，然后问他一些问题，像他的名字、物料等等。然后我给他物料订购单并询问一下他们是否可得。通常我们降价并要求一些折扣。最后我们确定运送备件和物料上船的时间。通常我也要求他准时把货送到船上。否则他将要为他负责。

11. How do you order stores and spare parts?

​ When we want to order stores and spare parts, we’ll keep in touch with a ship-chandler. We’ll give him an order list first. In the order list, we’ll state clearly the stores and spare parts’ specification, type, quantity and the delivery time. When the ship-chandler comes on board, we’ll talk about the price of the stores and spare parts. Ask him to make the price as cheap as possible. And ask them to give us the discount as much as possible. Generally, they should give us a 10 percent discount.

When we want to order stores and spare parts.We should to our agent or a ship-chandler.We will send him an order list first.The store’s and spare part’s names,specification and quantities are listed out. When the ship-chandler comes on board, he will show us the price list and some samples.And we will talk about the price of the stores and spare parts. If the price offered is higher than we expected, We will ask him to lower the price and give us a discount.Generally, he should give us a 10 percent discount.

10 如何订购物料和备件

当我们想要订购物料和备件，我们将联系船舶供应商。首先我们给他物料订购单。在物料订购单中，我们将明确说一下物料和备件的规格，型号，数量和运送时间。当船舶供应商上船是，我们将谈一下物料和备件的价格。要求他价格上尽量便宜一点。并要求他给我们尽可能多的折扣。通常，他们给我们百分之十的折扣。

12. Talk about the management of spare parts.

​ Spare parts management is a very important work on board. It directly affects the ship’s safety. To ensure that the machinery is in good order and maintenance, Generally, the ship applies for spare parts every 3 months. Spare parts the expended should be correct recorded. such as name, model, quantity, application, use, check and so on. Many modern ships use computers to enter all the data of the spare parts in time. It would control spare parts on ship and on shore.

Then the chief engineer collects and compiles them into a list and makes a requisition with it for spare parts. Then the this list send to company for approval.

so every officer in charge must know how to manage the spare parts. (1) Generally, the ship applies for spare parts every 3 months. If in emergency situation, requisition can be carried out at once. Requiring spare parts must remark name, model, factory, quantity and so on. (2) Spare parts on board must be recorded correctly, such as name, model, quantity, application, use, check and so on.

Many modern ships use computers to enter all the data of the spare parts in time. It would control spare parts on ship and on shore.

11 谈一下备件管理

在船上备件管理是项非常重要的工作。它直接影响船舶安全。所以每个负责的驾驶员必须知道如何管理备件。1 通常，船舶每三个月申请一次备件。如果有紧急情况，立刻执行申请。备件申请必须标注名字，型号，厂商，数量等等。2 正确记录船上的备件，例如名字、型号、数量、用途、消耗、检查等等。很多新式船舶使用电脑及时记录所有备件的数据。它将控制在船上和岸上的备件。

13. Talk about the management of ship’s stores.

Store is necessary for a ship in service. Each ship must keep enough stores, such as waste rags, waste cotton, materials etc.

(1) Usually, request for stores happens every half a year. The officer in charge should make store order list according to the ship stores catalogue. When the stores ordered are delivered on board, the second engineer must check them carefully and then receive them.

(2) Whoever takes something out from the storeroom, he should write all the data in the notebook. During routine work, waste must be avoided.

(3) The Chemicals are dangerous, crew must carefully keep and use them. At the same time, pollution must be prohibited.

13 谈一下船舶物料管理

对于正在运行的船舶，物料是必须的。每一艘船必须保存足够的物料，例如废抹布，废棉布，材料等等。1 通常，每半年请求一次物料。负责的驾驶员根据船舶物料目录制定物料订购单。当订购的货物输送上船的时候，负责人必须做仔细检查并接收他们。2 无论谁从物料间去东西，他应当将所有的数据写在笔记薄中。在例行的工作中，必须避免浪费。 3 对于化学药品，特别是危险的材料，船员必须保存和使用它们。同时，禁止污染。

易综合 7

41 s Talk about the preparation work before bunkering.

Before bunkering, we should notice the state of adjacent waters and secure the vessel properly. Check if the oil supplied corresponds to ordered oil and make sure the quantity to be supplied. Next check that valves are open. Put warning signs in position, for example, No Smoking. Be sure SOPEP is available. Put clean-up material and oil boom in place. Place foam fire extinguisher at bunker station. Stop oil separators and transfer pumps and open fuel tank supply valves. Agree on stop/start signals between vessel and barge, pumping rate and emergency shutdown procedure. Check hose and couplings are secure and in good order. Check barge and vessel meters reading. After everything is correct, blank off unused manifold connections and open bunker valves. Inform master. Signal pumping to commence.

42 As a chief engineer, what’s your duty during bunkering operation? Please talk about something about bunkering.

About the procedure of bunkering, we must comply with the bunkering checklist from company SMS document. For example, oil spill response material be in place; red flag or red light be showed; deck to be drained for water; all scuppers on deck must be tightly plugged; drip trays under the bunker pipe flange to be drained and plugged; “ NO SMOKING” signs be splayed; check bunker tank air pipes are opened; re-confirm space remaining in bunker tanks; fire extinguishers and fire hoses be ready for use; discuss bunkering plan with supplier and sound on oil barge; establish signaling system and make sure the pumping rate with the bargeman; sampling prepared; open all relevant lines and valve; keep constant sounding during bunkering, for heavy fuel oil, usually take sounding by ullage and all of tank capacities for filling are better no more than 90% .

43 Please talk about precautions need to be taken before and during bunkering operations.

Bunkering in port or at sea is very important. Before bunkering, the engineer in charge should make a detailed bunkering plan and give a report list of brand, property, quantity in store, quality, location and bunkering quantity to the vessel. The report should be discussed with the captain and the chief officer and then delivered to the shipping company. After the approval of the company, the oil company should be informed by the agent. The bunkering will begin after all the relevant data meet. During bunkering, arguments about the quality and quantity of the oils between the ship and the oil company happen frequently. So from a certain point of view, the attendance of the bunkering surveyor becomes vital. When bunkering, engine and deck departments should work cooperatively to ensure the signals, measure quantity of bunkering, and shift oil tanks on board in time to prevent overflow. After bunkering, the oil company, ship and bunkering surveyors will keep the samples of oils as the proof for a possible argument in the future. After checking, the chief engineer will sign on the bunkering receipt.

47、 Prepare the ship for drydock.

​ Before dock repair, the engine room personnel have a lot of work to do. They should confirm which items in their charge are to be repaired. They will prepare the necessary spare parts and special tools. Then the second engineer will collect all the information about the re pair items. After being verified by the chief engineer and signed by the captain, the repair list will be submitted to the company for approval.

50 Describe the procedures concerning the engine department while taking over a ship.

Check the certificates, drawings and information on board. Check the building workmanship, the installation quality and the information of tests and trials. The trial is the last procedure to be performed before taking over the ship. If there are some unsatisfactory parts, the takeover crew should point them out and give their opinions to repair or renew them.

51 What will you do when taking overa new ship as a fourth engineer?

​ Fourth engineer also plays an important part in taking over the ship. He should follow the predetermined plan and detailed working division. The main task is to check all the statutory certificates, logbooks, drawings and other important documents on board. He should take over stores and spare parts and check up the amount of oils left in tanks as instructed by the senior officer. He also should go to the engine room with the outgoing engineers, familiar with all equipment in the engine room, their operational conditions and deficiencies, maneuvering characteristics of the machineries in various conditions and so on. He should take part in the tests and examinations of the main and auxiliary equipment as required and give a judgment on the working condition of the whole equipment. If there is any unsatisfactory performance, he should point it out and give his opinions to remedy it.

54 s How to keep a ship seaworthy?

​ In order to be considered seaworthy, a vessel must meet certain requirements. The vessel must be suitable for all aspects of its particular voyage. That includes parts of the voyage that are close to land and those that happen on the open sea. It also includes the type of sea and weather conditions that the vessel is likely to encounter. Some other factors to consider when determining seaworthiness include the class of ship and nature of the cargo being transported. In addition to being suitable for all aspects of the voyage, the ship must have appropriate equipment and safety gear. It must also have an adequately staffed and trained crew If a vessel does not meet the seaworthiness requirements, then it is considered unseaworthy. If a defect exists at the commencement of a voyage, and the ship is considered unseaworthy , a prudent owner should repair before sending the ship to sea.

第六章 PSC/ISM检查用语 13

1. How do you prevent pollution to the sea on board your ship?

​ There are many sources of pollution such as oily water, solid waste, sewage and plastic and so on. These will cause sea pollution. So there is a lot of anti-pollution equipment on board my ship, such as oily water separator, incinerator and sewage treatment plant and so on. The general methods of pollution prevention are as follows: the oily water can be cleaned by oily water separator. The solid waste can be burnt in incinerator. The sewage can be treated by sewage treatment plant. The plastic should be taken ashore.

1 你如何阻止你的船舶对海洋的污染？

有很多的污染源例如油污水、固体废弃物、污水和塑料等等。这些将会引起海洋污染。所以在我的船上有很多的防污设备，例如油水分离器、焚化炉和污水处理设备等等。防污的通常方法有：油水分离器能净化油水。固体废弃物在焚化炉燃烧。污水处理设备能处理污水。塑料应当带上岸去。

2. Talk about the entries of the Oil Record Book.

The following items should be recorded:

(1) Ballasting or cleaning of fuel oil tanks. (2)Discharge of dirty ballast or cleaning water from fuel oil tanks referred to under section(A). (3) Disposal of oil sludge. (4)Non-automatic discharge overboard or disposal of bilge water which has accumulated in machinery spaces. (5) Automatic discharge overboard or disposal of bilge water which has accumulated in machinery spaces. (6) Condition of oil discharge monitoring and control system. (7) Accidental or other exceptional discharge of oil.

燃油舱的压载或清洗。来自（A）项所述燃油舱的污压载水或洗舱水的排放。油渣的处理。机舱积存的舱底水不可自动排往舷外或经其他处理。机舱积存的舱底水自动排往舷外或经其他处理。排油监测和控制系统的状况。意外或其他异常的排油。

The ship has an Oil Record Book. Oil Record Book part I shall be provided to every oil tanker of 150 tons gross tonnage and above and every ship of 400 tons gross tonnage and above to record the machinery space operations. For oil tankers, Oil Record Book part II shall also be provided to record relevant cargo/ballast operations. When making entries in the Oil Record Book, the date, operation code and item number shall be inserted in the appropriate columns and the required particulars should be recorded chronologically in the blank spaces.

2 谈一下油类记录簿的记录

船上有油类记录簿。在总吨位150吨及其以上的油船和总吨位在400吨及其以上的非油船上，必须有油类记录簿部分I。对于油船，油类记录簿部分II 用于记录相关的货物或压载操作。当在油类记录簿做记录时，日期，操作代码和项目数目应当插入在合适的栏中。要求的细目应当按时间顺序记录在空格中。

3. Talk about the treatments of dirty waste and rags, especially plastic waste on board your ship.

​ The garbage on board is treated according to its types. All garbage must be collected and stored in the colored barrels. All plastic garbage must be kept in the red barrel. The disposal of plastic oversea is prohibited. It must be sent ashore for treatment. Food waste should be kept in the green barrel and disposed oversea after being broken into pieces according to the relevant conventions. The oily rags should be burnt out in the incinerator.

The garbage on board is treated according to its sort. (1) All garbage must be collected and stored in the color barrels. (2) All plastic must be kept in the red barrel. The disposal of plastic oversea is prohibited. It must be sent ashore for treatment. Food waste should be kept in the green barrel and disposed oversea after being broken into pieces according to the relevant conventions. (3) The oily rags should be burnt out in the incinerator.

3谈一下废弃物和废布的处理，特别是在你船上的塑料废弃物

分类处理船上垃圾。1 所有垃圾必须被收集储存在不同颜色的桶里。 2 所有塑料被保存在红桶中。禁止把塑料排出船外。它必须送到岸上处理。食品垃圾被保存在绿桶中。根据相关公约，粉碎后排放到船外。3 油抹布应在焚烧炉烧掉。

4. Please talk about a PSC inspection on board.

​ PSC stands for port state control. Its purpose is to ensure safety at sea and prevent pollution.During PSC inspection, there is a lot of equipment in engine room to be inspected such as emergency equipment, life-saving equipment, firefighting equipment and so on. If deficiencies are found in the inspection, we should take measures to deal with them and make correction.

4 请谈一下船上的PSC检查

PSC代表港口国监督。它的目的是确保海上安全，防火、防污染。在PSC检查期间，机舱有很多设备要检查，例如应急设备，救生设备，和消防设备等等。如果在检查期间发现缺陷的话，我们应该采取措施去处理并纠正它们。

5. Please describe a bunkering operation on board your ship. 重复了

When selecting fuel oil, we should take into account more than 10 factors such as viscosity, water content, flash point, setting point and so on. Before bunkering, the third engineer will go down to the oil lighter to do some measurement work. Record oil level of oil tanks, talk about signals to start and stop and so on. After bunkering, but before dismantling the pipe, the oil retained in the hose should be blown through by compressed air.

5请描述一下你船上的加油操作

当选择燃油的时，我们至少要考虑十种因素，例如粘度，水含量，闪点，凝点等。加油前，二管去油驳进行测量，记录油柜的油位，商量加油启停的信号等。加油后，拆管路之前，留在软管里的油应通过压缩空气吹出。

6. As a Chief Engineer, talk about your responsibility for PSC inspection.

​ As a chief engineer, during the PSC inspection, I should prepare all necessary documents used for inspection. And then arrange some engineers to do some preparing work, ask them to keep the machinery in good order, especially the anti-pollution equipment and emergency equipment. In the process of the inspection, I should give the PSCO some files and documents for checking if necessary.

As a chief engineer, during the PSC inspection, I should prepare all necessary documents used for inspection. And then arrange some engineers to do some preparing work, ask them to keep the machinery in good order, especially the anti-pollution equipment and emergency equipment. In the process of the inspection, I should give the PSCO some files and documents for checking if he asks.

6 作为一名轮机长，谈一下PSC检查中你的职责

作为轮机长，在PSC检查期间，我应该准备用于检查的所有必要的文件。然后安排轮机员做一些准备工作，要求他们保持机器正常，特别是防污设备和应急设备。在检查过程中，如果被要求的话，我应当给PSCO一些用于检查的文件。

7. Talk about fire prevention and fire fighting on board ship.

There are alarm system and detecting system on board. Once detect a fire, the alarm will be sounded.

There is a lot of fire fighting equipment on board such as: fire hose, fire pump, portable extinguisher, fixed extinguisher and so on.

The general methods of fire fighting are as following: soda-acid extinguishers are useful on carbonaceous fires. The chemical foam extinguishers can be used to deal with the oil fires and it is usually found in machinery spaces and other locations, where and oil fire may occur. Carbon dioxide extinguishers can useful on chemical fires.

The general methods of firefighting are as following: isolating, cooling and chemical inhibiting , or smothering, cooling, removing and inhibiting.

The general methods of firefighting are as following: Water is suitable for Class A fire. Foam is suitable for Class B fire. CO2 extinguishers is suitable for Class C fire. Chemical dry powder(metal)is suitable for Class D fire.

• ˈsuːtəb(ə)l

7谈一下船上的防火和灭火

船上有报警系统和探测系统。一旦发现着火，发出警报。

在船上有很多消防设备，例如，消防水龙带，消防泵，便携式灭火器，固定灭火器等等。

灭火的一般方法有：酸碱灭火器用于灭积炭火，化学泡沫灭火器用于灭油火。它通常用于机舱和和油火可能发生的其他地方。二氧化碳灭火器用于灭化学火。

8 .Talk about a fire and boat drill.

As seamen, we often have fire and boat drill. We usually have the drill once a month. Each member is in charge of one duty. There is a lot of equipment to be used in the drill such as: fire pump, fire extinguishers, life jackets, boats and so on. The crew designated on the muster list, should take part in the drill. By drill we can face emergency situation calmly and bravely. Also it can develop our ability.

8 谈一下火灾演习和救生艇演习

作为船员，我们经常进行消防和救生艇演习。演习通常一个月进行一次。每个船员负责一项职责。在演习中要使用许多设备，例如消防泵，灭火器，救生衣，救生艇等等。在应变部署表上指定的船员应当参加演习，通过演习，我们能冷静勇敢的面对紧急情况，它也能提高我们的能力。

9. Talk about the picture given (Fig. 6-1).

​ From the picture we know fire has three essential elements: heat, air, fuel. Only the three elements meet a suitable condition can the fire occur. If we remove any one of the three elements, the fire will be put out.This means that there are three basic ways to put out the fire : isolating mode, cooling mode and stifling mode.

9谈一下所给的图

从图中我们知道火有三个主要元素：热、空气、燃料。只有这三要素满足合适的条件，火就会发生。如果我们移除三要素中的一个，就能灭火。在船上通常有油火，我们能使用三种基本方法来灭火：那就是：隔离模式，冷却模式，窒息模式

10. As a Chief Engineer, talk about your responsibilities according to your company’s SMS.

​ As a Chief Engineer, he must be familiar with the SMS’ Documents and its regulations. He is responsible for the training of SMS for the crew of engine department. He is also in charge of all the mechanical and electrical pneumatic equipments. He must keep them in good order to ensure the ship safety.

10 作为一名轮机长，根据公司的SMS，谈一下你的职责

对于轮机长，他必须熟悉安全管理体系的文件和章程。他负责轮机部船员的SMS培训。他也要负责机械和电器设备。他必须保持它们正常并确保船舶的安全。

11. As a Second Engineer talk about your responsibilities according to your company’s SMS.

As a Second Engineer, he should assist the C/E to deal with the engine room daily work and maintenance work. He is in charge of M/E steering gear, auxiliary equipments and emergency equipments. He must keep them in good conditions to ensure the ship safety.

11 作为一名大管，根据公司的SMS，谈一下你的职责

作为大管，他应当协助轮机长去处理机舱的日常工作和保养工作。他负责主机的舵机，辅助设备和应急设备。他必须保持它们正常并确保船舶的安全。

12. As a Third Engineer talk about your responsibilities according to your company’s SMS.

As a Third Engineer, he is responsible for the auxiliary engine, air compressor, fresh water generator and emergency equipments. He must keep them in good conditions to ensure the ship safety. He is also in charge of Fuel Oil bunkering and transferring. When doing this, he must pay more attention in order to avoid pollution.

12作为一名二管，根据公司的SMS，谈一下你的职责

作为二管，他负责辅机，空压机，造水机和应急设备。他必须保持它们正常并确保船舶的安全。他也负责加燃油和驳运燃油。当做这件事时，，他必须多加注意为了避免污染。

13. As a Fourth Engineer talk about your responsibilities according to your company’s SMS.

As a Fourth Engineer, he is in charge of auxiliary boiler, ballast system, bilge system, emergency equipments and oil pollution prevention equipments. He must keep them in good order to ensure the ship safety and prevent environmental pollution.

13作为一名三管，根据公司的SMS，谈一下你的职责

作为三管，他负责辅锅炉，压载系统，舱底水系统，应急设备和防污设备。他必须保持它们正常并确保船舶的安全，防止环境污染。

14. Please describe something about ship security training and drills.

1) The time or interval of such ship security training and drills to be conducted on board? 2) The persons involved in ship security training and drills? 3) The main procedures and requirements of ship security training and drills.

1)Crew should be trained annually about their, their duties according to ISPS, or carry out SSO training. A security drill is carrying out a least 3 months or when more than 25 percent of the ship’s personal have been changed.

2) It may involve all the members, especially the SSO or other security personal. 3) Training and drills are to be carried out according to ship’s situation and ship security plan.

14描述一下船舶安全训练和演戏

1 在船上执行安全训练和演习间或间隔

2 船舶安全训练和演习涉及的人员

3 船舶安全训练和演习的主要程序和要求

1）船员应当根据isps了解他们的职责，每年训练一次，或者执行sso训练。当船上超过百分之二十五的人员被更换时，至少三个月执行一次安全演习。

2）它可能包括所有人员，特别是SSO或其他安全人员。

3）根据船舶设备和船舶安全计划执行训练和演习